Teorías sobre la plusvalía (Tomo IV de El Capital) vol. III Read Online Free PDF Page A

upon the capital employed, is an essential condition of the supply, and, aS such, constitutes a competent part of the costs of production .» ( ibidem , página 33)
    53. «… unless this profit were obtained, there would be no adequate motive to produce the commodity…» ( ibidem , p. 33)
    53. «… a man’s profit does not depend upon his command of the produce of other men’s labour, but upon his command of labour itself . If he can sell his goods at a higher price, while his workmen’s wages remain unaltered , he is clearly benefited by the rise, whether other goods rise or not. A smaller proportion of what he produces is sufficient to put that labour into motion, and a larger proportion consequently remains for himself..,» ( ibidem , p. 49-50) [traducción alemana de Karl Marx , «Das Kapital», t. I, Berlin, 1961, p. 333, nota 3a.]
    53. «A smaller proportion of what he produces is sufficient to put that labour into motion…» ( ibidem , p. 50) [traducción alemana de Karl Marx , «Das Kapital», t. I, Berlin, 1861, p. 333, nota 3a.]
    54. «The supply of each man depends upon, the quantity which he brings to market: his demand for other things depends upon the value of his supply. The former is certain; it depends upon himself: the latter is uncertain; it depends upon others. The former may remain the same, whilst the latter may vary. A hundred quarters of corn, which a man brings to market, may at one time be worth thirty shillings, and at another time sixty shillings, the quarter. The quantity or supply is in both instances the same: but the man’s demand or power of purchasing other things it twice as great in the later as in the former case.» ( ibidem , páginas 111-112)
    54. «… when commodities are multiplied by a more judidous distribution of labour, no great amount of demand than before is required in order to maintain all the labour which was previously employed; — whereas, when machinery is introduced, if there be not an increased amount of demand, or a fall in wages or profits, some of the labour will undoubtedly be thrown out of employment , […] let the case be suppossed of a commodity worth £ 1.200, of which £ 1.000 consists of the wages of 100 men, at £ 10 each, and £ 200 of profits, at the rate of 20 per cent. Now, let it be imagined that the same commodity can be produced by the labour of 50 men, and a machine which has cost the labour of 50 more, and which requiers the labour of 10 men to keep it in constant repair; the producer will then be able to reduce the price of the article to £ 800, and still continue to obtain the same remuneration for the use of his capital, […]
The wages of 50 men at £ 10, are
£ 500
[…] of £ 10 to keep [42] in repair
£ 100
Profit 20 per cent,
£ 200
on circulating capital £ 500
[..] on fixed capital 500
£ 800.»
( ibidem , pp. 114-115)
    55. «… ten men to keep it in […] repair…» ( ibidem , p. 115)
    55. «Those who used to pay £ 1.200 for the commodity will now have £ 400 to spare, which they can lay out either on something else, or in purchasing more of the same commodity. If it be laid out in the produce of immediate labour, it will give employment to no more then 33.4 men, whereas the number thrown out of employment by the introduction of the machine will have been 40, for — [492]
The wages of 33.4 men at £ 10, are
£ 3.334
Profits 20 per cent
£ 66
£ 400.»
( ibidem , pp. 114-116)
    56. «If it be laid out in the purchase of more of the same commodity, or of any other, where the same species and quantity of fixed capital were used, it would only 30 men, for —
The wages of 25 men at £ 10 each, are
£ 250
[…] 5 men to keep in repair
£ 50
Profit on £ 250 circulated and £ 250 fixed capital
£ 100
Total £ 400.»
( ibidem , p. 116)
    56. «When the total sum of £ 1.200 was spent on the produce of immediate labour, the division was £ 1.000 wages, £ 200 profits. When it was spent partly in the one way and partly in the other…