Red Fortress: History and Illusion in the Kremlin Read Online Free PDF Page B

shot down by Soviets 1983
    Korzhakov, Alexander
    Kostikov, Vyacheslav
    Kostof, Spiro, A History of Architecture, Settings and Rituals
    Kosygin, Aleksei
    Kozhevnikov, Russian Archive (journal)
    Krasin, Leonid
    Kremlenagrad (map)
    Kremlin: arts and crafts workshops; bells; burials; contemporary management of; coronations; falcons ; fires (1337), (1343), (1365), (1445), (1470), (1473), (1493), (1547), (1571), (1619), (1626), (1682), (1701), (1737); hanging gardens; icons of the Saviour and St Nikola; library and archives; religious status; symbolic status
    Kremlin history:
Riurikid dynasty: evidence of 12th-century construction; receives city bell of Tver; first referred to as ‘Kremlin’; development under Ivan I (Kalita); ‘Peter the Wonder-Worker’ becomes Kremlin’s first saint; early religious foundations; sacked by Mongol Horde; building of present structure under Ivan III; becomes art and treasure repository; 15th-century building and development; re-building of the Dormition Cathedral; European building and architectural influences; moat created; foreign merchants banned from; renovation under Ivan the Terrible; houses government officials; Ivan the Terrible’s use of; funeral of Tsarevich Ivan Ivanovich; Kremlenagrad (map); boyars’ obligation to serve at court; Buildings Chancellory; ‘False Dmitry’ arrives with Polish retainers; ‘False Dmitry’ murdered; Dmitry of Uglich’s corpse brought back for burial; houses Polish and mercenary troops in the Time of Troubles; looting of the Treasury during the Time of Troubles
Romanov dynasty: rebuilding under the Romanovs; foreign artists and craftsmen enlisted by Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich; revolt; European influences on architecture and decor; theatre introduced by Aleksei Mikhailovich; revolt; Peter the Great takes command of Kremlin; builds arsenal; builds new fortifications; moves court to St Petersburg; treasury on display as visitor attraction; Catherine the Great’s improvements; development under Paul I; demolition and rebuilding under Alexander I; abandoned as Napoleon’s troops advance; Napoleon enters; desecration and looting by Napoleon’s troops; survives mining by Napoleon’s retreating army; reconstruction after Napoleon’s occupation; described by Marquis de Custine; Grand Kremlin Palace commissioned by Nicholas I; demolition of ancient churches by Nicholas I; establishment of museums and archives; celebrated by Fabergé egg; features on mass-produced icons and souvenirs; treasure collection catalogued; Armoury Chamber Museum; monument to Alexander II; life in the last years of the Tsars; Zabelin The History of the City of Moscow; Bartenev The Moscow Kremlin in Old Times and Now; electricity generating station; assassination of Grand Duke Sergei Aleksandrovich; coronation of Nicholas II; houses Empress Alexandra’s hospital during First World War
    Soviet era: claimed by the Moscow city government; staff form union; damaged by the Bolsheviks; loss of valuable artefacts after revolution; Bolshevik government move in; ownership claimed by the People’s Republic; stores recovered loot and treasure after revolution; expulsion of monks and nuns by the Bolsheviks; removal of imperial monuments by the Bolsheviks; Easter celebration; seizure of Church assets; becomes symbol of Soviet power; demolition of religious buildings under the Bolsheviks; living conditions under the Soviets; Kremlin Affair; object of fear and isolation under Stalin; security under Stalin; hidden underground systems; bombed during Second World War; renovation post; souvenir guidebooks; becomes term used for government; becomes tourist attraction under Khrushchev; Lenin museum-apartment; propaganda department; Ministry of Culture; research staff appointed; religious buildings under Soviet regime; ‘Treasures of the Kremlin’ Exhibition; archaeological explorations under the Soviets; orchard planted by Khrushchev; Soviet infrastructure; ceases to be centre of power under Brezhnev;