Dark Continent: Europe's Twentieth Century Read Online Free PDF Page B

C. Pavone, Una guerra civile: saggio sulla moralità nella resistenza (Turin, 1991), which ignited a debate across Italy about the meaning of the resistance. On France, there are two fine studies by H. R. Kedward, Resistance in Vichy France (Oxford, 1978), and In Search of the Maquis (Oxford, 1993). On Yugoslavia, there is M. Milazzo, The Chetnik Movement and the Yugoslav Resistance (1975), and W. Roberts, Tito, Mihailovic and the Allies, 1941/45 (New Brunswick, NJ, 1973), as well as two classic memoirs, F. W. Deakin, The Embattled Mountain (Oxford, 1971), and M. Djilas, Wartime: With Tito and the Partisans (1977). On Poland, see R. Lukas, Forgotten Holocaust: The Poles under German Occupation, 1939–1944 (New York, 1986); for Albania, J. Amery, Sons of the Eagle: A Study in Guerilla War (1948).
    Working out why Britain was at war is the subject of I. McLaine, Ministry of Morale: Home Front Morale and the Ministry of Information in World War Two (1979), in the general political context discussed by P. Addison, The Road to 1945: British Politics and the War (1975). A. Shennan, Rethinking France (Oxford, 1989), discusses French visions of the post-war order, as does C. Andrieu, Le Program commun de la Résistance: des idées dans la guerre (Paris, 1984). W. Lipgens (ed.), Documents on the History of European Integration , vol. 1 (New York, 1985), and his “European federation in the political thought of resistance movements,” Central European History , 1 (1968), tries valiantly to turn the wartime resistance to Hitler into the seedbed of the post-war drive to European cooperation; this view may be corrected by reading R. E. Herzstein, When Nazi Dreams Come True (1982), and in a drier vein, J. R. Gillingham, Coal, Steel and the Rebirth of Europe, 1945–1955 (Cambridge, 1991), which trace other kinds of continuities back into the war. L. W. Lorwin, Postwar Plans of the United Nations (New York, 1943), and L. Holborn, War and Peace Aims of the United Nations (Boston, Mass., 1943) are useful.
    The chaos and human misery in the aftermath of the war emerge from J. B. Schechtman, Postwar Population Transfers in Europe, 1945–1955 (Philadelphia, Pa, 1962), D. Macardle, Children of Europe (1951), J. Vernant, The Refugee in the Postwar World (Geneva, 1953), and M. J. Proudfoot, European Refugees, 1939–1952 (1957). A. de Zayas, Nemesis at Potsdam (1977) covers the expulsion of the Germans, as do the official volumes of documents, T. Scheider et al . (eds.), Documents on the Expulsion of the Germans from East-Central Europe , 4 vols. (Bonn, n.d.). E. Wiskemann, Germany’s Eastern Neighbours (Oxford, 1956), is a masterly survey. Revenge, purges and trials are surveyed in K.-D. Henke and H. Woller (eds.), Politische Sauberung in Europa (Munich, 1991), and for individual countries, in R. Palmer Domenico, Italian Fascists on Trial, 1943–48 (Chapel Hill, NC, 1991), and H. Lottman, The People’s Anger: Justice and Revenge in Post-Liberation France (1986). The de-Nazification and redemocratization of Germany are covered by J. Gimbel, A German Community under American Occupation: Marburg, 1945–1952 (Stanford, 1961), N. Pronay and K. Wilson (eds.), The Political Re-education of Germany and Her Allies after World War Two (Totowa, NJ, 1985), and J. Tent, Mission on the Rhine (1982). S. Padover, Experiment in Germany: The Story of an American Intelligence Officer (New York, 1946) gives the flavour of the times, as does E. Wilson, Europe Without Baedeker (1967). J. F. Golay, The Founding of the Federal Republic of Germany (Chicago, 1958), describes the establishment of new political institutions; I. D. Connor, “The Bavarian government and the refugee problem, 1945–1950,” European History Quarterly , 16: 2 (1986), pp. 131–53 gives insights into a dog that failed to bark.
    A pioneering historical treatment of the Soviet occupation of Germany is N. Naimark, The Russians in Germany: A History of the Soviet Zone of Occupation