Pacific Coliseum that can be found on rare bootlegs).
Although Zeppelinâs version of the tune is currently the subject of copyright litigation, 11 hearing Robert Plant howl, âWe are stardust, we are golden, and weâve got got yes weâve got got to people yeah ooooh yeah ooooh yeah ooooh get back to the garden, back to the mamamama garden, back to the garden, garden, garden,â as Jimmy Page caresses the strings of his electric guitar with a bow is beautiful, kick-ass proof of just how deeply Mitchellâs portrait of the event sank into the popular consciousness.
Seminal Yippie and self-appointed generational spokesman Abbie Hoffman may have coined the term âWoodstock Nation,â and god knows how many hundreds of thousands have created their own fantasies about attending the event, but there can be no question that over the course of one weekend watching TV, Joni Mitchell wrote the words that would signify an entire generationâs ethos.
âGetting back to the gardenâ was more than a reference to rediscovering the lost innocence of Adam and Eve, who were tossed from the Garden of Eden for Eveâs pursuit of knowledge. For countless soulsâMitchell foremost among themâit represented the genuine potential of humankind.
Condensing the thoughts of the Woodstock poster pilgrim, who appears in Mike Wadleighâs Woodstock movie as he marches down the clogged roads of the Catskills with his girlfriend, Mitchell captured the emotional and existential reality of the moment in her lyrics:
I feel myself a cog in somethinâ turning.
And maybe itâs the time of year,
Yes and maybe itâs the time of man.
And I donât know who I am,
But life is for learning.
Itâs brilliant poetry, but itâs also cunning reportage, because the unidentified pilgrim addressed the same thoughts when he was approached by a man with a movie camera. He talked about what brought him to White Lake at that moment in time: âMy father was asking whether I was in a Communist training camp or something... and I could understand where heâs coming from. Because heâs an immigrant... he came over here to better himself and... make it better for me... He canât understand why [the things that have value to him] have [no] value to me. But then again, he does have the wisdom to allow me to be who I am. I will, by doing what Iâm doing, learn for myself how to live. And thatâs what he wants me to do.â 12
Even the âbillion year old carbonâ reference is of the moment. Human beings were becoming aware of their place in the universe as a result of space exploration. The first moon landing happened on July 20, 1969, just weeks before Richie Havens took to the Woodstock stage and spontaneously composed his âFreedomâ chant in the waning hours of that fateful Friday afternoon of August 15, 1969.
For a fantastic and all-too-brief moment, anything seemed possible. The sins of manâat this time symbolized by the âunjust and undeclaredâ and much-protested war in Vietnamâappeared to be cleansable as masses of young people converged on a single locale without destroying property or killing each other.
Even as esteemed broadcaster Walter Cronkite, the âmost trusted man in America,â mused in I Can Hear It Now/The Sixties , his radio salute to the decade: âThe festival was declared a disaster area, and if there had been a riot, the commission that would have investigated it would have blamed negligent planning by the promoters... Yet there was no violence, relatively little illness for a population of this size. Three people died, two were born and in a rare happening, even the police got rave notices.â 13
More than forty years later, people are still a little dazzled at the idea that half-a-million young people could gather in a single location without violence. While I was writing this book, nineteen people died in
Morten Storm, Paul Cruickshank, Tim Lister