Verga’s wonderful creation of it, at some point or other.’
15.
See
p. xii.
16.
Il marito di Elena
(1882) and
Dal tuo al mio
(1905).
17.
Per le vie
(1883),
I ricordi del capitano d’Arce (1891), Don Candeloro e C. I (1894).
Bibliography
CRITICAL STUDIES
A. Alexander,
Giovanni Verga: A Great Writer and his World
(London, 1972)
T. Bergin,
Giovanni Verga
(New Haven, 1931. Reprint Westport, Conn., 1983)
L. Capuana,
Verga e D’Annunzio,
a cura di M. Pomilio (Bologna, 1972)
G. M. Carsaniga, ‘Realism in Italy’ in F. W. J. Hemmings (ed.),
The Age of Realism
(Harmondsworth, 1974), pp. 323–55
G. Cattaneo,
Giovanni Verga
(Turin, 1963)
G. Cecchetti,
Giovanni Verga
(Boston, 1978)
G. Cecchetti, Il
Verga maggiore
(Florence, 1968)
B. Croce,
Giovanni Verga
(Bari, 1964)
F. De Roberto,
Casa Verga e altri saggi verghiani
(Florence, 1964)
G. L. Lucente,
The Narrative of Realism and Myth: Verga, Lawrence, Faulkner, Pavese
(Baltimore, 1961)
A. Momigliano,
Dante, Manzoni, Verga
(Messina, 1944)
S. Pacifici, ‘The tragic world of Verga’s primitives’ in
From Verismo to Experimentalism: Essays on the Modern Italian Novel
(Bloomington, 1969), pp. 3–34
L. Pirandello, ‘Giovanni Verga’ in
Saggi, Poesie, Scritti Varii
(Milan, 1960), pp. 389–428
G. Raya,
Vita di Giovanni Verga
(Rome, 1990)
L. Russo,
Giovanni Verga
(Bari, 1966) G. Viti,
Verga verista
(Florence, 1974)
D. M. White (ed.),
Pane Nero and Other Stories
(Manchester, 1962)
J. Wood, ‘Like a Mullet in Love’,
London Review of Books,
22, 15, 10 August 2000, pp. 9–12
D. Woolf,
The Art of Verga: A Study in Objectivity
(Sydney, 1977)
TRANSLATIONS
Little Novels of Sicily (Novelle rusticane),
translated by D. H. Lawrence, with an Introduction and Glossary by Andrew Wilkin (Harmondsworth, 1973)
Cavalleria rusticana and other stories
(from
Vita dei campi),
translated by D. H. Lawrence (London, 1928. Reprinted Westport, Conn., 1975)
The She-Wolf and Other Stories,
translated with an Introduction by Giovanni Cecchetti (second ed., revised and enlarged, Berkeley, Los Angeles and London, 1973)
The House by the Medlar Tree (I Malavoglia),
translated by Raymond Rosenthal, with new Introduction by Giovanni Cecchetti (second ed., Berkeley, Los Angeles and London, 1983)
Mastro-don Gesualdo,
translated by D. H. Lawrence (Harmondsworth, 1970)
Note on Sicilian Terms
SICILIAN TITLES
Comare
Term widely used in Sicily and Calabria as a courtesy title before a female Christian name among friends and neighbours. The male equivalent is
Compare.
Don
From Latin
dominus,
a courtesy title given in Sicily to men who enjoy an elevated social standing based on their supposed affluence. The female equivalent is
Donna.
Gnà
Title deriving, not from
signora,
but from
donna (doña),
and used before women’s Christian names in Sicilian and Calabrian peasant communities.
Massaro
Title applied to a Sicilian peasant fanner or smallholder.
Zio
Zio
(‘Uncle’) is a title applied in Sicilian peasant communities to men of a certain age who command some degree of respect or authority. The female equivalent is
Zia.
MONETARY UNITS
Carlino
Coin worth 25
centesimi.
Centesimo
One hundredth of a
lira.
Lira
Basic Italian unit of currency, worth roo
centesimi
or 20
soldi.
In Verga’s day roughly equivalent to one-tenth of the pound sterling or one-fifth of the American dollar.
Onza
Coin worth 12.75
lire.
Soldo
Coin worth five
centesimi.
Tar
ì
Old Sicilian coin worth 8.5
soldi.
Nedda
SICILIAN SKETCH
The family fireside was for me a figure of speech, useful as a frame for the mildest and calmest of emotions, on a par with moonbeams kissing blonde tresses; but I used to smile whenever I heard people telling me that the fire in the hearth is a sort of friend. There were times when in truth it seemed to me to be too demanding a friend, annoying and despotic, that would have liked to take you gradually by the hands, or by the feet, and drag you into its smoky cavern and kiss you after the manner