Zion), though the place it opens out from and which grounds itââthe aortic archâ of the âcoronary arteriesââclearly links it to the biological/anatomical topos of âLine the wordcaves.â More could be said of this poem and its topoi, but letâs return briefly to the first poem and close this excursus by presenting another, additive reading of some of the complexities of âLine the wordcaves.â In a brilliant essay, Werner Hamacher discusses the movement of the figure of inversion as central to the poetics of late Celan, using a poem from Speechgrille , âStimmen,â and concentrating on the line âsirrt die Sekundeâ (the second buzzes) where he de- and reconstructs the expression âdie Sekundeâ (the second) as âdiese Kundeâ (this message, this conduit of information). In a footnote he includes a brief analysis of âLine the wordcaves,â which I will cite and let stand as conclusion to my own analysis, if only to show how the polyperspectivity of a Celan poem permits multiple approaches, all of which help to shed light on the wordcaves these late poems are. Having also picked up on the sound pun of antre , and the transference of the animalâs outer layer into the wordâs inside, Hamacher writes:
Here too we have an inversion of familiar ideas ⦠Sense is only oneâand indeed an alien, secondâskin, an inner mask. Tone, as âthat which is always second,â is in each case distanced further than the audible tone, infinitely secondary; it too a second . Celanâs later poems are written out of this second and for its sake; they are dated , as finite language, on the second. The inversion of the secondary into the âprimary,â of the outer into the âinner,â is always effected in them so that they expand the character of the secondary, in fine , instead of domesticating it. Thus, as he himself stressed, we can only âunderstandâ his texts âfrom a distance.â
In addition, auskleiden is one of the possible meanings of auslegen (to interpret). Insofar as the poem takes on thisâsecondâsense in the image, in the clothing, in the pelt, it itself practices the hermeneutic operation it recommends: the whole becomes feline, fellhin und fellher , although not without falling into what would count as failure for a normative understanding. 23
For Hamacher, the tropes and images of Celanâs poetry are thus ânot metaphors for representations but metaphors for metaphorization, not images of a world but images of the generation of images, not the transcription of voices but the production of the etched voices of the poem itself.â
4. â⦠ABOVE THE GRAYBLACK WASTESâ
Breathturn , which so forcefully marks the entrance into the late work, includes a poem titled âFadensonnenâ | âThreadsuns.â Celan will reuse this title to name his next volume of poems. It should therefore prove useful to read the poem closely as it may not only help with clarifying some of Celanâs poetological thinking but also throw light beyond that on his philosophical outlookâif these two can, in fact, be separated.
F ADENSONNEN
über der grauschwarzen Ãdnis.
Ein baum-
hoher Gedanke
greift sich den Lichtton: es sind
noch Lieder zu singen jenseits
der Menschen.
T HREADSUNS
above the grayblack wastes.
A tree-
high thought
grasps the light-tone: there are
still songs to sing beyond
mankind.
A desolate landscape, truly ânorth of the future,â as Celan writes in another poem. But also one that lets us formulate exactly where and how the late poetry of Paul Celan settlesâeven as it unsettles. Neither utopia nor dystopia, Celanâs topos is a visionary-realistic land- and language-scape mapping the second half of the twentieth century, from the devastating aporia constituted by World War II, with its extermination camps